Heart problems like cardiac dysfunction and heart failure are linked to cognitive decline, but the exact brain changes causing this are unclear. A new study examined how heart function relates to brain structure, focusing on MRI measurements of gray and white matter, the hippocampus, and specific brain abnormalities called white matter hyperintensities.
A groundbreaking study has unveiled a compelling association between heart health and brain structure. It highlights how early cardiac issues may correlate with reduced brain volumes and potential cognitive decline. While the study does not prove causation, it sheds light on a crucial relationship that may influence dementia risk.
The study analyzed data from seven research projects across Europe and the United States, involving 10,889 participants with an average age of 67. MRI scans and heart-function measurements provided robust evidence supporting the connection between heart and brain health.
Using MRI scans, researchers specifically examined volumes of gray matter, white matter, the hippocampus (crucial for memory), and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Their analysis reveals that individuals with early signs of heart problems, such as systolic and diastolic dysfunction, often show signs of diminished brain volumes, indicating a potential early marker for cognitive impairments.
Systolic dysfunction refers to the heart’s inability to contract and pump blood effectively, while diastolic dysfunction involves the heart’s inability to relax properly between beats. Both conditions were found to be associated with reduced brain volume, particularly in the hippocampus.
Meta-analysis author Dr. Frank J. Wolters of Erasmus University Medical Center emphasized the significance of these findings. “Better heart health is associated with larger brain volumes,” he said, suggesting that preserving heart function could help maintain brain health and cognitive abilities during aging. Wolters underscored the importance of early detection and treatment of heart problems to mitigate brain health decline.
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This study urges medical professionals to evaluate cognitive health in individuals with early heart dysfunction, particularly diastolic issues, as a precautionary measure. Detecting memory and thinking problems early could lead to timely interventions to slow or prevent further decline.
However, researchers note the need for additional studies to explore the exact mechanisms behind this association and determine whether heart health interventions can directly benefit brain health.
While this meta-analysis marks significant progress, its scope is limited. Most participants were white, raising concerns about generalizing the findings to more diverse populations. Future research should aim for greater inclusivity to better understand the broader implications of heart-brain health connections.
The study opens new avenues for healthcare, emphasizing how safeguarding heart health could play a pivotal role in maintaining cognitive well-being. It reminds us that our brain and heart are more interconnected than we might think.
Journal Reference
- Amber Yaqub, Joshua Bis, et al. Clinical and Imaging Markers of Cardiac Function and Brain Health. Neurology. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000213540
Source: Tech Explorist
