Category: Fact Check

  • Fact Check: Would Sen. Katie Britt’s bill ‘create a national registry of pregnant women’? No.

    Sen. Katie Britt, R-Ala., recently introduced a bill that would establish a federal website with resources for pregnant women and mothers. But critics are raising alarm over the legislation, which they say has dangerous implications for women.

    Democrats and other blue check users on X said Britt’s bill would “create a national registry” or “federal database” of pregnant women. Some news outlets, including The Guardian, Salon and Raw Story, ran headlines that made similar claims about the bill.

    “So (Britt) creates a database of pregnant women so Trump then knows who to prosecute if any of those women get an abortion,” Democratic National Committee Chair Jaime Harrison said on X.

    Kentucky Democrat Amy McGrath, who unsuccessfully ran to unseat Sen. Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., in 2020, said on X, “According to the GOP, America needs a national registry for pregnant women.”

    The bill text doesn’t mention the words “registry” or “database.” Britt’s spokesperson, Sean Ross, told PolitiFact that “these social media posts are intentionally, flagrantly false.”

    The measure says that if website users consent to provide their contact information, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services may call or email them to share additional resources. The bill neither defines other ways users’ contact information might be used, nor says who would, or would not, have access to the data beyond the department’s secretary.

    Critics say the bill’s ambiguity poses data privacy concerns for the site’s users. The bill has also been criticized for excluding from the website’s resource list any information from organizations that offer abortions.

    What would Britt’s bill do?

    The bill, titled the More Opportunities for Moms to Succeed (MOMS) Act, says it would establish the government website pregnancy.gov as “a clearinghouse of relevant resources available for pregnant and postpartum women, and women parenting young children.”

    The bill says the website would include “a series of questions” users could answer to generate a list of “relevant resources” within a ZIP code. The website would show online resources and organizations that provide services within 100 miles of that ZIP code.

    The website’s resources would include public and private entities that provide mentorship opportunities; health and well-being services; financial assistance; material or legal support; mental health services; child care, adoption or foster care services; and information on abortion risks or alternatives to abortion, according to the bill.

    The bill says pregnancy.gov would also contain an “assessment” through which users could “provide consent to use the user’s contact information, which the (Department of Health and Human Services) Secretary may use to conduct outreach via phone or email to follow up with users on additional resources that would be helpful for the users to review.”

    The bill prohibits information from organizations, including any affiliates, subsidiaries, successors and clinics, that “perform, induce, refer for, or counsel in favor of abortions, or provide financial support to any other organization that conducts such activities.”

    People using pregnancy.gov would not be required to disclose personally identifiable information, Ross said, nor does the bill say that the website would ask users about their pregnancy status. Although the bill does not specifically address this, Ross said no login or registration would be required to use the site.

    Ross said the “assessment” would ask users about the website’s accessibility and helpfulness, and enable them to opt in with a phone number or email address; the Department of Health and Human Services may then contact these users with additional resources. Ross said Britt envisions this outreach to be a one-time occurrence.

    Receiving this outreach is voluntary, Ross said, and people could use a “burner” email address or pseudonym to remain anonymous. The additional resources provided would vary by person and be largely up to the department’s discretion, he said, although they would exclude entities that provide abortions.

    Another bill provision would provide grants to nonprofit organizations that “support, encourage and assist women to carry their pregnancies to term and to care for themselves and their babies after birth.” Entities providing abortions would be excluded from these grants.

    Because Democrats have a slim majority in the Senate, Britt’s bill is unlikely to pass if it is brought to a vote.

    We contacted the Department of Health and Human Services with questions about the potential impact of the legislation but did not hear back.

    Critics say the bill poses data privacy concerns

    Dr. Rob Davidson, a west Michigan-based emergency physician, shared in a series of X posts his concerns about Britt’s bill, including that it would “create a database of pregnant women in the U.S.” Davidson is also the executive director of the Committee to Protect Health Care, a national organization advocating for expanding health care access, lowering medical costs and protecting reproductive rights.

    Although Davidson acknowledged users would have to voluntarily provide contact information and consent to receive outreach on the proposed website, he told PolitiFact that many people don’t read the fine print to know what that information sharing entails.

    Davidson said it’s “very concerning to me” that this bill would have “women who are pregnant, who are considering their options, hand over their information and just the fact that they are pregnant to a government database. Where does that information go?”

    Shannon Watts, founder of the gun violence prevention advocacy group Moms Demand Action, also criticized the bill on social media, saying it would “create a federal database of pregnant women.”

    “The website would create a ‘database’ of user contact information that could be used for ‘outreach via phone or email,’” Watts told PolitiFact. “The public has no guarantee (or reason to trust) how that information would actually be used.”

    The bill doesn’t have provisions about the dissemination or destruction of the data the website collects, said Mary Ziegler, an abortion historian and law professor at the University of California, Davis.

    “So, I think it’s fair for people reading the bill to ask questions and be concerned about how the information would be used,” Ziegler said.

    Because of the limitations on what kind of resources the website would offer, critics said people seeking information would be directed only to crisis pregnancy centers, or facilities that dissuade or prevent people from seeking abortions.

    “The law doesn’t require the creation of a registry at all. It’s not mandatorily requiring anyone to give information or interact with the website at all,” Ziegler said. “So, in that sense, it doesn’t create a registry or mandate compliance with a registry, but it’s certainly setting up the information people will receive and the information that people will use in a way that’s designed to help the antiabortion movement.”

    Our ruling

    Social media users claimed Britt introduced a bill “to create a national registry of pregnant women.”

    The bill would create pregnancy.gov, a website designed as a clearinghouse of information and resources for pregnant women. It would bar information from organizations that provide abortions.

    The legislation does not mention the words “registry” or “database.” It says that if website users choose to take an “assessment” available through the website, they can consent to share their contact information and may receive additional resources from the Department of Health and Human Services. Britt’s spokesperson said the bill would not require a login or registration to access, although the bill doesn’t specify this.

    Critics counter that the bill is vague about how collected data would be handled or who would have access to it.

    But to describe this as a “national registry” of pregnant women is inaccurate. We rate that claim False.



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  • Biden Twists Trump’s Comments on Tracking Pregnancies and Punishing Women Who Get Abortions

    Este artículo estará disponible en español en El Tiempo Latino.

    In an interview with Time, former President Donald Trump was asked, with the overturning of Roe v. Wade, if states should monitor women’s pregnancies and/or prosecute women who get an abortion in violation of state law. Trump said “they might,” but that’s for each state to decide.

    In several campaign speeches, however, President Joe Biden has twisted Trump’s words, claiming that Trump said “states should monitor women’s pregnancies and prosecute those who violate abortion bans.” (Emphasis is ours.) In the Time interview, Trump said his opinion about what ought to happen is “totally irrelevant, because the states are going to make those decisions.”

    Trump’s three appointments to the U.S. Supreme Court paved the way for overturning Roe v. Wade, the court’s 1973 decision establishing a constitutional right to abortion. Since the court overruled Roe in June 2022, the jurisdiction on abortion rights has returned to the states.

    While no states currently have laws that explicitly call for prosecuting women who get abortions in violation of state abortion bans, some state elected officials are advocating that. And some abortion rights advocates worry that since some state laws do not contain specific prohibitions against prosecuting women who get abortions, aggressive prosecutors might attempt to do that. Others are concerned that states with so-called fetal “personhood” laws might have left the door open for prosecutors to seek criminal punishment of women, particularly those who self-manage abortions through medication.

    Nonetheless, Trump did not say states should prosecute women who have abortions, as Biden has repeatedly claimed on the campaign trail. In fact, in a March 2016 campaign statement, Trump said that he does not support criminal prosecution of women who get abortions. Now, Trump says the issue should be left up to the states.

    What Trump Said

    As a presidential candidate in 2016, Trump once said — and then quickly walked back — that women needed to face “some form of punishment” for violating abortion bans. After facing criticism, Trump retracted the statement the same day, saying that the physician performing the procedure in violation of a state ban should be held legally responsible — not the woman.

    “The woman is a victim in this case as is the life in her womb,” Trump said in a March 30, 2016, statement.

    Since then, Roe v. Wade was overturned. This election cycle, Trump faced questions about whether he would support a national abortion ban, and if so, at what point in a pregnancy and with what exceptions.

    On April 8, Trump released a four-minute video on Truth Social outlining his position on abortion, saying that he would leave the issue to the states. Two days later, he definitively said “no” when asked whether he would sign a national abortion ban if Congress passed one. 

    “The states will determine by vote or legislation or perhaps both, and whatever they decide must be the law of the land,” Trump said. “In this case, the law of the state. Many states will be different. Many will have a different number of weeks or some will have more conservative than others, and that’s what they will be.”

    In the Time interview, Trump was asked about several potential state policies — such as punishing women who violate abortion bans or monitoring pregnancies to police whether a prohibited abortion occurs — and whether he would support them. (In his response, Trump also repeats his false claim that “every legal scholar … wanted that issue back at the states.” Legal scholars told us that was “utter nonsense” and “patently absurd.”)

    Time, April 12: Are you comfortable if states decide to punish women who access abortions after the procedure is banned? 

    Trump: Are you talking about number of weeks? 

    Time: Yeah. Let’s say there’s a 15-week ban—

    Trump: Again, that’s going to be—I don’t have to be comfortable or uncomfortable. The states are going to make that decision. The states are going to have to be comfortable or uncomfortable, not me.

    Time: Do you think states should monitor women’s pregnancies so they can know if they’ve gotten an abortion after the ban?

    Trump: I think they might do that. Again, you’ll have to speak to the individual states. Look, Roe v. Wade was all about bringing it back to the states. And that was a legal, as well as possibly in the hearts of some, in the minds of some, a moral decision. But it was largely a legal decision. Every legal scholar, Democrat, Republican, and other wanted that issue back at the states. You know, Roe v. Wade was always considered very bad law. Very bad. It was a very bad issue from a legal standpoint. People were amazed it lasted as long as it did. And what I was able to do is through the choice of some very good people who frankly were very courageous, the justices it turned out to be you know, the Republican—

    Time: States will decide if they’re comfortable or not—

    Trump: Yeah the states—

    Time: Prosecuting women for getting abortions after the ban. But are you comfortable with it?

    Trump: The states are going to say. It’s irrelevant whether I’m comfortable or not. It’s totally irrelevant, because the states are going to make those decisions. And by the way, Texas is going to be different than Ohio. And Ohio is going to be different than Michigan. I see what’s happening.

    Trump later claimed in a May 5 post on Truth Social that his words were being misconstrued in the press.

    “I never said that ‘some states may choose to monitor women’s pregnancies to possibly prosecute for violating any abortion bans.’ This was made up by Democrats and the Fake News Media,” Trump claimed in the social media post.

    But that is precisely what Trump said, as the transcript from the Time interview shows.

    And Trump has since reiterated that point in an interview with WGAL News 8 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, on May 7. WGAL anchor Barbara Barr told Trump, “There are ads running that say that you would support certain states with bans monitoring a woman’s pregnancy.”

    Trump responded, “Well that would be up to the states, again. They will make a decision as to how they do it. So far, a lot of states are coming in without that, without any of that. And that would all be up to the states. Everything having to do with that question is now in the hands of the states, which is where every legal scholar – and that’s on both sides, Democrat, Republican, liberal, conservative – every legal scholar wanted it to be in the hands of the states.”

    Again, Trump’s claim about “every legal scholar” wanting the issue to return to the states is false. 

    Nonetheless, on two occasions, when asked about states monitoring pregnancies, Trump has responded that those decisions would be left up to the states. But Trump never said that’s what he thinks states should do.

    Biden Twists Trump’s Words

    The Biden administration quickly seized on Trump’s remarks in the Time interview, with varying degrees of accuracy.

    “Just this week, in an interview, he said states have the right to monitor pregnant women to enforce these bans and states have the right to punish pregnant women for seeking out abortion care,” Vice President Kamala Harris said in Jacksonville on May 1, accurately reflecting Trump’s interview.

    But the same day at a campaign event in Washington, D.C., Biden took it one step further.

    “And then Trump did a long interview in Time magazine. I — it’s coming out. You got to read it. It’s a mandatory reading. And … he said in that magazine — he said states should monitor women’s p- — now, get this: States should monitor women’s pregnancies and prosecute those who violate abortion bans.”

    Biden repeated the claim at a campaign reception in Seattle on May 12.

    “Trump did a long interview in Time Magazine,” Biden said. “You ought to read it. He said, quote, ‘states should monitor women’s pregnancies and prosecute those who violate the bans.’ Monitor women’s pregnancies?  What have we become here?”

    We should note that Biden’s carefully worded line claims Trump said states should prosecute “those who violate abortion bans,” not necessarily women who get abortions in violation of state bans. Biden made that connection, however, in remarks at a campaign event on May 12 in Medina, Washington, when he claimed that in the Time interview, Trump “said, ‘The states should monitor women’s pregnancies’ … ‘monitor women’s pregnancies and prosecute those who seek help.’ Monitor women’s pregnancies? Prosecute them?”

    Other Democrats echoed Biden’s claim. For example, Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer claimed Trump “said again that women should be punished for having abortions. And he’s okay with states monitoring pregnant women to stop them from having abortions.” New York Gov. Kathy Hochul cited Trump’s Time interview as evidence that he “endorses punishing women who get an abortion.”

    But again, those were not Trump’s words, and the Democrats’ claims twist his message.

    Trump said his opinion about prosecuting women who violate state abortion bans was “irrelevant” because those decisions should be left to the states. Likewise, Trump said states “might” decide to monitor women’s pregnancies and “you’ll have to speak to the individual states.” That’s different from Trump advocating that states enact such laws.

    Then again, Trump isn’t advocating women should not be prosecuted – which was his position in the first campaign. In 2016, he put out a formal position statement saying that he does not think women should be criminally prosecuted for violating abortion bans. Now, he has declined to state his opinion on the issue, saying only that states will decide. 

    State Laws

    Whether states decide to monitor pregnancies to determine whether abortion bans are being violated and whether states will prosecute women who get an abortion are separate — though related — issues.

    Most states require hospitals, facilities and physicians to provide information about abortions, with some requiring details such as a patient’s reason for seeking the abortion and whether the fetus was deemed viable. But we could not find any state laws that require monitoring of pregnancies for the purpose of policing abortion bans.

    On May 9, Republican Sens. Katie Britt, Marco Rubio and Kevin Cramer introduced a bill that would — among other things — create a national pregnancy website to act as “a federal clearinghouse of resources available to expecting and postpartum moms.” A provision of the bill that talks about pregnant women voluntarily providing contact information to the website has some Senate Democrats concerned that it would “provide data to a potential Trump administration and potentially allow a government bureaucrat to follow up with them about the status of their pregnancy.” But the bill doesn’t call for a mandatory federal monitoring of pregnancies.

    As for whether states might prosecute women who get an abortion in violation of state prohibitions, no state laws currently call for that explicitly. But in recent years, Republican lawmakers in several states have proposed that. And some state abortion laws are silent on the issue of prosecuting women who get prohibited abortions, raising concerns that aggressive prosecutors in those states might attempt to punish women who get an abortion that violates state law.

    Jolynn Dellinger, a senior lecturing fellow at Duke Law School and the Duke Initiative for
    Science and Society, and Stephanie Pell, a fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution and a senior editor at Lawfare, recently published an analysis in the Duke Journal of Constitutional Law and Public Policy looking into whether women could be prosecuted for self-managing their abortions through medication.

    That is especially relevant, Dellinger said, given that more than 60% of abortions are performed with medication and as self-managed abortions have become increasingly more common, “especially in ban states where the provision of care has been criminalized.”

    “Our analysis indicated that, in spite of the popular narrative that women will not be prosecuted for violating abortion laws, many of the existing laws do not explicitly prohibit such prosecutions,” Dellinger told us via email. “Florida’s 6-week ban, for example, broadly prohibits and criminalizes abortion and does not include any provision that would exempt women from prosecution. In these circumstances, we are concerned that a prosecutor could exercise discretion to bring charges against a pregnant person who self-manages abortion with medication.”

    A law in Nevada, for example, criminalizes some self-managed abortions, she said. According to the Nevada law, it is a felony if a woman, not acting under the advice of a physician, “takes or uses, or submits to the use of, any drug, medicine or substance, or any instrument or other means, with the intent to terminate her pregnancy after the 24th week of pregnancy.”

    In addition, Dellinger said, “Ban states that have personhood laws also raise issues about the interplay between abortion laws and homicide codes.”

    It remains to be seen how those laws will play out, and whether women who obtain abortions might be charged criminally and convicted. It also remains to be seen whether states may pass laws to monitor pregnancies in order to enforce abortion bans. But Trump never said states “should” enact such laws — only that they might, and that such decisions ought to be made at the state level.


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  • Fact Check: Video of Slovakia Prime Minister speaking against WHO was from November, not ‘last week’

    Following a violent assassination attempt on Slovakian Prime Minister Robert Fico, some social media users circulated video of a speech he made opposing a World Health Organization plan.

    “Only last week Prime Minister of Slovakia Robert Fico gave this speech: ‘I also clearly declare that we (Slovakia Democratic Party) WILL NOT support strengthening the Powers of the World Health Organisation,’” said a May 15 X post viewed more than a million times and amplified by Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, R-Ga. “Today he has been shot in public.”

    (Screenshot from X)

    Fico was shot several times May 15 in Handlova, in central Slovakia. He was rushed to the hospital, had emergency surgery and was fighting for his life hours later, Slovakian Defense Minister Robert Kaliňák said in a press conference. 

    Although Fico made this speech, he didn’t do so “last week.”  The X post’s video was from a November 2023 assembly of Smer, the party Fico chairs.

    The WHO’s pandemic treaty, a draft global accord among the 194 member states, is a frequent subject of misinformation.

    The document, formally known as the WHO’s pandemic prevention, preparedness and response accord, is a legal agreement that the organization’s member states, including the U.S., are negotiating to help prevent and better prepare for future pandemics. 

    The plan was meant to be finalized May 10, but the deadline lapsed with no final draft. 

    The WHO said members continue to refine the draft agreement. Negotiators were aiming to have the final draft of the pact ready to be ratified at the World Health Assembly that starts May 27.

    Fico spoke in Slovak; multiple sources showed he spoke against the WHO pandemic accord in his speech. 

    The Slovak Spectator, a news outlet, reported Dec. 8 that Fico said his administration “will not strengthen the competencies of the WHO in any way,” and called the treaty “nonsense that must have been created by insatiable pharmaceutical companies.” 

    Interior Minister Matúš Šutaj Eštok said the suspected shooter, a 71-year-old man from Levice, Slovakia, whom government authorities have not fully named, acted as a “lone wolf” and now faces attempted premeditated murder charges. Šutaj Eštok described the attack as politically motivated although the suspect belonged to no political groups, The Associated Press reported.

    Šutaj Eštok said the suspect expressed his disagreement with Fico’s policies and was moved to act after an ally of Fico won the presidential election last year. 

    CNN reported that Šutaj Eštok said, “The reasons (the suspect gave) were the decision to abolish the special prosecutor’s office, the decision to stop supplying military assistance to Ukraine, the reform of public service broadcaster and the dismissal of the judicial council head.”

    Fico is serving his fourth term as prime minister since 2006. He founded the Smer party, which is increasingly shifting to right-wing ideology, the New York Times reported. Fico is known for his ties to Russian President Vladimir Putin and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban. Following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, he opposed sanctions against Russia and announced a stop to military aid to Ukraine.

    The X video of Fico speaking against the WHO was not from the week before he was shot. We rate that claim False.



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  • ‘Who Is Bobby Kennedy?’ Video Promotes Debunked Anti-Vaccine Narratives

    A recent video promoting independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. promises to “start with some irrefutable facts.” The over 30-minute video, narrated by actor Woody Harrelson, begins with some biographical truths about the candidate, but veers into promoting various debunked or unsupported narratives about vaccines.

    The pro-Kennedy super PAC American Values 2024 paid for the video, titled “Who is Bobby Kennedy?” Posts of the video have been viewed more than 100 million times on X, where Kennedy promoted it as “The Bobby Kennedy video Meta doesn’t want you to see.” Elon Musk, who owns X, shared Kennedy’s post. 

    Meta, which owns social media platforms including Instagram and Facebook, has said that a link to the video was “mistakenly blocked” temporarily after being incorrectly flagged as spam. The super PAC behind the video and Kennedy have both sued Meta, claiming election interference.

    Kennedy has a history of spreading false or misleading information on vaccination, autism and COVID-19, among other topics. Below, we discuss a few of the claims made in the video that we previously addressed in a three-part series about Kennedy last year.

    Debunked Claims on Vaccines and Mercury

    According to the video, a pivotal moment in Kennedy’s career came when he met parents who believed that mercury in vaccines had harmed their children. The video doesn’t explicitly state how the parents believed the vaccines had injured their children, but Kennedy has said in the past mothers of autistic children brought the issue to his attention. A wide range of evidence indicates that there’s no link between thimerosal — a mercury-containing preservative — and autism or other conditions.

    However, one parent provided Kennedy with scientific studies that convinced him, in his words, that “I got to drop everything and do something about this.” This led Kennedy to publish a 2005 article for Salon and Rolling Stone, which advanced the unsupported idea that thimerosal had caused an increase in autism and other disorders. Salon eventually retracted the story.

    The Kennedy video doesn’t mention that extensive research has failed to show any relationship between thimerosal in childhood vaccines and neurodevelopmental disorders. In fact, the rate of autism continued to rise after thimerosal was removed from childhood vaccines in 2001, indicating that it did not explain the increase in diagnoses of the condition. This increase was likely caused in large part by growing awareness of autism, changes to how it is defined and the growing availability of services for children who get the diagnosis.

    For more, read “What RFK Jr. Gets Wrong About Autism.”

    Missing Facts on Vaccine Safety Testing and Manufacturer Liability

    Kennedy goes on to state in the video: “Thanks to pressure from millions of people, they’ve taken mercury out of most vaccines, but pharmaceutical companies are still immune from prosecution and litigation, and vaccines aren’t subject to the same rigorous safety testing as other medicines, and that’s not right.” 

    Kennedy’s statement about the liability of vaccine makers needs context, and his claim about vaccine safety testing is misleading.

    As we have written previously, the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 in many cases prevents people from suing vaccine makers for alleged vaccine harms. Instead, people must seek help from a government program. 

    If a compensation claim is rejected or it takes too long to get a response, people can still sue, and vaccine makers can still be held liable in certain situations, such as where negligence, fraud or manufacturing flaws led to vaccine injuries. Kennedy has himself been involved in an ongoing lawsuit against Merck on behalf of clients allegedly harmed by the human papillomavirus vaccine Gardasil.

    The law was passed because lawsuits against vaccine makers — even those that turned out to be unjustified — were dampening companies’ enthusiasm for making vaccines. The law also led to the creation of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, a national surveillance system used by the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to identify potential vaccine safety concerns. VAERS accepts unverified reports of any health issue that occurs after vaccination.

    VAERS is just one part of a larger system that promotes vaccine safety in the U.S. Vaccines undergo testing for safety and efficacy before entering the market. As they are rolled out to the larger population, they undergo safety monitoring using systems such as VAERS and Vaccine Safety Datalink, which uses data from health care organizations across the country to monitor for possible connections between health events and vaccination. 

    It is unclear what exactly Kennedy means when he says that “vaccines aren’t subject to the same rigorous safety testing as other medicines.” We reached out to the Kennedy campaign for more information but have not received a reply.

    Kennedy has previously falsely claimed that placebo-controlled trials are required for medications but not for vaccines. As we have said, vaccines are typically tested in controlled trials, but it is not feasible for all vaccines to be tested in placebo-controlled trials. For instance, if an effective vaccine is already available against a disease and researchers are testing a new version, it would be unethical to randomly assign some people to receive a placebo instead of an already available vaccine. For similar reasons, not all drugs are tested in placebo-controlled trials. 

    For more, read “FactChecking Robert F. Kenndy Jr.“

    Revising the COVID-19 Narrative

    A theme of the video is the idea that Kennedy has been unfairly criticized and attacked because he holds companies accountable. The video extends that argument to imply without evidence that attempts to hold Kennedy accountable for his statements on COVID-19 were in fact motivated by pharmaceutical companies.

    “I feared that a rushed COVID vaccine wouldn’t be as safe or as effective as we were promised,” Kennedy says. “And I also felt that lockdowns were going to do more harm than good, especially to small businesses and to children. Well, when I made those arguments publicly I was silenced.”

    Robert F. Kennedy Jr. speaks at a 2021 rally against vaccine mandates in New York City. Photo by Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images.

    This is a highly pared down account of Kennedy’s statements on COVID-19. Among many other unfounded claims, Kennedy has said that the COVID-19 vaccine was the “deadliest vaccine ever made,” and that “there is an argument” that COVID-19 is ethnically targeted. He has promoted disproven COVID-19 treatments and inflated the costs, while discounting the benefits, of COVID-19 restrictions. 

    The narrator, Harrelson, then outlines a conspiracy: “So powerful corporations and partners in the media have a playbook they use on you when you beat them too much and in areas you can cost them real money. They implemented every page in the playbook on Bobby when he decided to question the absolute moral purity of the gods of Big Pharma.” The video, meanwhile, shows logos of a collection of pharmaceutical companies, with Pfizer’s at the center.

    Various media outlets over the years have published articles pointing out Kennedy’s misleading and false claims. The video visually highlights some of these articles, including ours, as part of a “playbook” in which they “attack you broadly and they question your facts.” 

    To be clear, the COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out rapidly — amid a deadly pandemic — because experts judged that the benefits outweighed the risks. Ample research has since affirmed that the vaccines protect against severe disease and that serious side effects are rare.

    For more, read “RFK Jr.’s COVID-19 Deceptions.”


    Editor’s note: SciCheck’s articles providing accurate health information and correcting health misinformation are made possible by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The foundation has no control over FactCheck.org’s editorial decisions, and the views expressed in our articles do not necessarily reflect the views of the foundation.



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  • Fact Check: The World Health Organization’s pandemic plan won’t end free speech

    As the world emerged from a global pandemic, the World Health Organization began drafting a legal agreement to respond to future pandemics. Since then, the document has been a target of misinformation.

    The WHO’s pandemic prevention, preparedness and response accord is a legal agreement the organization’s 194 member states, including the U.S., are negotiating to help prevent and better prepare for future pandemics. 

    In a clip from former Fox News anchor Tucker Carlson’s web show, author Bret Weinstein warned the WHO’s actions with regard to the accord could strip Americans of their constitutionally protected rights to free speech.

    “So, you’re saying that an international health organization could just end the First Amendment?” Carlson asked Weinstein in the clip, which circulated Jan. 28 in an Instagram video and was attracting comments and interactions in late April.

    “The ability to do it is currently under discussion at the international level,” replied Weinstein, whose COVID-19 claims PolitiFact has previously fact-checked. 

    The Instagram post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram.)

    The clip came from a video published Jan. 5 on the subscription-based Tucker Carlson Network website. The network also shared a longer clip of this portion of the video on its YouTube page.

    The longer version shows a fuller exchange:

    Carlson: “So, you’re saying that an international health organization could just end the First Amendment?”

    Weinstein: “Yes, and I know it sounds preposterous — “

    Carlson: “It does not sound preposterous.”

    Weinstein: “The ability to do it is currently under discussion at the international level.”

    Weinstein later said the WHO’s pandemic preparedness plan will be used to silence podcasters and eliminate “national and personal sovereignty.”

    Weinstein did not respond to PolitiFact’s request for comment.

    But his assertion that the WHO’s work on this plan could eliminate Americans’ free speech  protections is contradicted by the U.S. Constitution and the draft accord itself. 

    A March 28 WHO press release said the pandemic agreement’s draft will continue to be refined ahead of the World Health Assembly, set for May 27 to June 1 in Geneva, Switzerland.

    An April draft of the plan explicitly stated that the plan’s implementation will be with “full respect for the dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms of persons” and that states have the sovereign right” to “adopt, legislate and implement legislation.” 

    World Health Organization information also details that the governments themselves would determine the accord, with member states deciding the terms. 

    Lawrence Gostin, director of Georgetown University’s O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, told PolitiFact that the pandemic accord contains no provision that would override any U.S. law.

    “The Pandemic Agreement would not control what could or could not be written or said in the United States,” Gostin said. “The regulation of speech, including online content, is entirely within the realm of the US Congress.” He added that there is a domestic process for amending the constitution. 

    The process of changing the U.S. Constitution is lengthy. To eliminate the First Amendment, Congress would have to propose the change with a majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. An amendment can also be proposed during a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the state legislatures. For the amendment to be adopted, three-fourths of the states in the U.S would have to ratify it. 

    We rate the claim that the World Health Organization could “end the first amendment” False. 



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  • Fact Check: How unprecedented is Joe Biden’s break with Israel over arms shipments?

    President Joe Biden’s decision this month to pause a shipment of heavy weaponry to Israel  amid that country’s war against Hamas in Gaza was widely seen as an effort to  discourage a full-scale attack on Rafah that could kill large numbers of civilians.

    Critics, however, characterized the pause as an unprecedented departure from the United States’ long-standing commitment to Israel during a war in which that nation’s security is at stake.

    On May 12 on CBS’ “Face the Nation,” for instance, Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., accused Biden of having “imposed a de facto arms embargo on Israel.”

    Host Margaret Brennan pressed Cotton on whether Biden’s actions were much different than what previous presidents had done when they believed that Israel was pursuing an unwise course. She cited actions by Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush.

    Cotton rejected the comparison.

    “Ronald Reagan’s decision to pause the delivery of fighter jets in the 1980s was totally different from what has happened here,” he said.

    Reagan, Cotton said, “knew that the pause of fighter jets would not interfere with Israel’s fighting because they had plenty of fighters. He did not pause munitions. Joe Biden is not sending munitions in the middle of a shooting war that’s a war of survival.”

    Other Republicans have made similar points, including Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., on May 12 on NBC’s “Meet the Press.”

    Are Biden’s actions unprecedented? Not really, experts told PolitiFact.

    Multiple presidents have sought to influence Israel’s actions with policies that created distance between the U.S. and Israel, although there’s less agreement on whether Biden’s move is greater in severity or comes at a more delicate time for Israel.

    “Biden is doing what every president has done since 1948: He’s trying to support Israel without alienating the entire Arab world,” said Lance Janda, a military historian at Cameron University. “His job is harder because the current conflict has lasted so long and produced so many civilian casualties in Gaza. Israel is almost completely isolated in the international community, which is bad for them and for (the United States) at the same time.”

    Perhaps sensitive to the criticism, unnamed Biden administration officials told news outlets May 14 that the White House was proposing more than $1 billion in weapons agreements for Israel, including tank ammunition, tactical vehicles and mortar rounds. It is not PolitiFact’s policy to rely on anonymous sources; when we asked the White House for confirmation, we received no response.

    At the White House, President Harry Truman holds a copy of the Torah presented to him by Chaim Weizmann, then the chairman of Israel’s Provisional State Council, on May 25, 1948. (AP)

    Previous presidents have paused aid or pressured Israel

    There are multiple examples of presidents pursuing moves that created friction between the U.S. and Israel.

    In 1948, President Harry Truman pursued an overall policy of supporting Israel following its establishment. Despite this, his administration, pushed by State Department officials, maintained an arms embargo on Israel and surrounding Arab countries throughout that pivotal year. The embargo had begun as a way of limiting violence in the lead-up to independence.

    In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower threatened sanctions against Israel if it didn’t withdraw from the Egyptian Sinai peninsula after invading it following Egypt’s nationalization of the Suez canal, a key Middle East waterway. 

    Eisenhower later wrote that to pressure Israel into withdrawal from Sinai, he preferred “a resolution which would call on all United Nations members to suspend not just governmental but private assistance to Israel.”

    A decade later, in the lead-up to the Six-Day War in 1967, the U.S. imposed an arms embargo on all participants, including Israel. “It was largely symbolic, since the Israelis won the war, but we did do it,” Janda said.

    The president at the time, Lyndon B. Johnson, “was slow to come to Israel’s defense,” according to Dennis Ross, a veteran Middle East diplomat and author of “Doomed to Succeed: The U.S.-Israel Relationship from Truman to Obama.” Johnson “seemed interested in helping Israel … but he felt constrained by limited resources and procedural hurdles.”

    In 1981, Reagan paused shipments of F-16 fighter jets to Israel in response to what Secretary of State Alexander Haig called “the escalating cycle of violence in the Middle East.” The pause came after Israel destroyed an Iraqi nuclear reactor that was under construction and after it bombed Beirut, the Lebanese capital. 

    Reagan lifted the suspension of military aircraft for Israel later that year, but the U.S. and Israel were at odds again by April 1983, when Reagan said that until Israel withdrew its forces from Lebanon, he would not permit the transfer of some 75 F-16 fighter jets.

    Lawrence Korb, who served as assistant defense secretary from 1981 through 1985, wrote in 2021 that Reagan “allowed 21 U.N. resolutions that directly or indirectly condemned Israeli behavior and actions to pass. These included condemning Israel for the bombing of Lebanon, Iraq, and Tunisia.”

    President George H.W. Bush meets with Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir of Israel on April 6, 1989, in the White House. (AP)

    In September 1991, Reagan’s successor, George H.W. Bush, told reporters he’d asked Congress to defer considering Israel’s request for $10 billion in loan guarantees. News reports then said Bush’s delay request was intended to stop Israel from building settlements in occupied Palestinian territories.

    “Both Reagan and George H.W. Bush played hardball, or harder ball, with Israel than Biden,” said Stephen Knott, a presidential and foreign policy historian who retired in 2022 from teaching at the U.S. Naval War College.

    However, it’s been decades since the last similar break with Israel; remembering that far back requires historical knowledge.

    Biden’s actions “would be the strongest show of resistance against any Israeli policy I can think of since” Bush’s withholding of loan guarantees 33 years ago, said Michael O’Hanlon, senior fellow and director of research in foreign policy at the Brookings Institution.

    Is Israel at greater risk from a U.S. rift today than it was under previous presidents?

    Historians told PolitiFact agreed that the U.S. weapons pause comes at an inopportune time for Israel.

    After Hamas’ Oct. 7 cross-border terrorist attacks, “Israel was revealed as vulnerable in a way it had not been since 1973,” said David Greenberg, a presidential historian at Rutgers University. “If this war were like the previous Gaza incursions, there would be far less urgency. But if the Israeli goal is to wipe out Hamas as a fighting force, a goal the U.S. has endorsed, then depriving it of munitions in the middle of the war is a lot more controversial than the fighter jets controversy under Reagan.”

    In a Wall Street Journal op-ed, Michael Singh, managing director of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, acknowledged historical parallels between Reagan’s conundrum and Biden’s that may “appear compelling.” However, he wrote, the current conflict “was triggered by the worst terrorist attack on Israel in its history — one that was unprovoked and utterly depraved, and that followed a period of U.S.-Israeli-Arab coordination on Gaza.”

    Nevertheless, historians expressed skepticism to PolitiFact that today’s situation poses a uniquely existential threat to Israel. Many of the previous U.S.-Israel rifts have come amid wars that involved Israel.

    For instance, the 1948 war that enabled Israel’s independence “was much more ‘existential’ for Israel,” said Joshua Landis, director of the University of Oklahoma’s Center of Middle East Studies. U.S.-Israeli disagreements also emerged during the 1967 and 1973 wars, historians said.

    Meanwhile, the U.S.-Israel frictions that emerged early in Reagan’s tenure involved the Palestine Liberation Organization and a splinter group led by Abu Nidal, that Knott described as serious security threats.

    “It’s not as if either group were averse to engaging in terrorism against Israeli interests around the globe,” Knott said. “Nidal’s group was as committed to atrocities as Hamas. So the idea that the threat to Israel in 1982 wasn’t on par with today I think is questionable at best.”

    Also, foreign policy experts said, the governments of the U.S., under Biden, and Israel, under Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, are far apart on many issues.

    “You have a real crisis of confidence between the U.S. and Israel,” said Aaron David Miller, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for Peace and former advisor to secretaries of state from both the Republican and Democratic parties. The Israeli government is pursuing policies in the West Bank, judicial reform and Gaza which depart from American values, Miller said.

    Miller also said Israel has irritated the U.S. by not articulating a postwar plan for Gaza.

    “Israel does not appear to have a ‘winning’ strategy in Gaza or one that comports with the laws of war,” said Barbara Slavin, a distinguished fellow with the Stimson Center, a foreign policy think tank. Despite significant civilian casualties, Israel has so far “failed to destroy Hamas and instead turned it into a poster child for ‘resistance.’” Given this, Slavin said, “Biden has shown extraordinary patience.”

    How today’s political environment is shaping rhetoric over the U.S. and Israel

    Increasingly partisan politics, particularly in a presidential election year, are exacerbating the backlash to Biden’s policies. Republicans, Miller said, are portraying themselves as “the ‘Israel can do no wrong’ party and Democrats are ‘deeply divided.’”

    Republicans, meanwhile, “have given Biden zero credit for having been pretty strongly behind Israel for the first four or five months of the war,” Greenberg said.

    But Greenberg added that he’s been surprised by some mainstream Democratic lawmakers’ willingness to become openly more skeptical of U.S. support for Israel.

    “It used to be that Democrats could hold ranks against a small anti-Israel faction in their midst,” Greenberg said. “But the pressure Biden is coming under from his own party is new. As recently as President Barack Obama, it was reversed, with mainstream Democrats pressuring Obama to be more pro-Israel than perhaps he wanted to be.”

    RELATED: Trump said Biden wants to ‘immediately stop all aid to Israel.’ That’s not what Biden said



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  • Fact Check: A South Carolina hiker saw a ‘huge snake’ in 2021, but it wasn’t the one pictured in this post

    An image of a snake as tall as an ottoman and longer than a bus, its head the size of a child, casually lying — or slithering? — between about a half dozen people is drawing attention on social media for an unexpected reason. 

    Apparently, a May 13 Threads post said, this “huge snake was found by a hiker near South Carolina creek.” 

    “‘What a beast!’” reads a quote included in the post.

    It was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram.)

    The post included a link for “more photo/video,” and it leads to an undated blog post with this title: “Hiker finds massive ‘beast’ hiding along banks of South Carolina creek.” 

    The post recounts how a South Carolina woman named Meredith Langley saw “a giant brown snake — several feet long and thicker than the root of a tree used to rest his head” along the edge of a creek in a park in Florence, South Carolina. 

    The blog post included several photos of different snakes, though not the huge one in the Threads post. 

    Only one of the pictures was actually of the snake that Langley saw. The State published it and Langley’s story on March 11, 2021, noting that one person who commented on the photos Langley originally posted on Facebook said: “What a beast!”

    It was a harmless watersnake, the article said, and not the snake pictured in the Threads post. 

    That snake in the Threads post, incidentally, appears significantly bigger than the world’s largest snake that was killed in the Amazon in March. 

    That 440-pound northern green anaconda was 26 feet long, as thick as a car tire and with a head “the size of a human’s,” the U.S. Sun reported.

    We rate claims that the image of a snake in the Threads post is the snake discovered by a South Carolina hiker in 2021 Pants on Fire! 

     



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  • Fact Check: No, Elon Musk didn’t warn about a forthcoming Rapture

    Elon Musk has not predicted the second coming of Jesus Christ, but a recent Facebook post claims that the X owner has some inside Rapture knowledge. 

    “Elon Musk confirms — ’The rapture is going to happen VERY soon,’” the caption and headline on a May 9 Facebook post say. 

    It was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram.)

    Looking for credible news reports, public statements and social media posts from Musk, we found no evidence to support this claim.

    A narrator in a video included in the post largely muses about the Rapture as a concept. It isn’t until about 4 minutes into the video that the narrator asks, “What did the billionaire Elon Musk say about the rapture?” 

    We kept watching to find out, but no statement about the Rapture is attributed to Musk in the video. 

    Rather, it references a December 2021 interview Musk did with satire site The Babylon Bee. 

    In the interview, the then-creative director of the Babylon Bee asked Musk if he would “accept Jesus as your lord and savior.” 

    Musk said he agreed with the principles Jesus advocated and that “there’s great wisdom in the teachings of Jesus,” such as forgiveness and treating people as you’d like to be treated. 

    “But hey, if Jesus is saving people, I mean, I won’t stand in his way,” Musk added. “Sure, I’ll be saved. Why not?”

    We rate claims that Musk confirmed the Rapture is happening soon False.

     



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  • Fact Check: No, this isn’t a real statement from South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem about killing a dog

    In her new book, “No Going Back: The Truth on What’s Wrong with Politics and How We Move America Forward,” South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem recalled shooting a 14-month-old dog with an “aggressive personality” that tried to bite the Republican and dispatched some chickens. 

    The revelation shocked some dog lovers, but a supposed response from Noem that’s being shared on social media isn’t authentic. 

    “For everyone who absolutely lost their minds about my decision to shoot a dog twenty years ago, I hope you don’t eat cows or pigs or chickens!” reads what looks like a screenshot of an X post from Noem. “At least I have the guts to look in the eyes of the animal I’m killing!”

    A May 8 Threads post sharing this screenshot was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram.)

    The alleged statement from Noem veers from the tone of her previous responses to critics. 

    “We love animals, but tough decisions like this happen all the time on a farm,” she said in an April 26 X post. “Sadly, we just had to put down 3 horses a few weeks ago that had been in our family for 25 years.”

    A couple of days later, she added on X that it was a 20-year-old story. “South Dakota law states that dogs who attack and kill livestock can be put down,” Noem said. “Given that Cricket had shown aggressive behavior toward people by biting them, I decided what I did.”

    We found no evidence that Noem made the statement attributed to her in the Threads post. It doesn’t appear on her X account and there was no news coverage of the purported response.

    Ian Fury, a spokesperson for Noem, told PolitiFact the governor didn’t make this statement.

    We rate this post False.



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  • Fact Check: Altered video claims to show CNN report about purported Robert Downey Jr. app

    CNN anchor Abby Phillip appears in what looks like a segment about actor Robert Downey Jr. in a recent video shared May 6 on Facebook. 

    But it’s quickly clear that this video isn’t authentic, from a typo in the chyron to audio that doesn’t sync with Phillip’s mouth. 

    “Sensational news,” the chyron says. “The actor Robert Downey Jr has released a new mobile app that allows to earn money!” 

    “The most famous and recognizable actor and one of the richest man of the planet, Robert Downey Jr., decided to open his own online casino where everyone can win,” Phillip appears to say. “In an interview, he talked about the creation of this application and how people of our country can earn a lot of money in it.” 

    The video then cuts to what looks like podcast host Joe Rogan interviewing Downey about the app. But again, the audio doesn’t sync with their mouths’ movements. 

    This post was flagged as part of Meta’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram.)

    The Rogan interview happened in 2020, when Downey was promoting his movie “Doolittle.” 

    In 2023, Downey became an investor, board member and spokesperson for the security and privacy company Aura, which has an online safety app. 

    But we found no evidence that he’s promoting an app that lets people earn money, as the post claims. 

    We rate it False.



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